Q1 - What happens if Beta = 0

Hi,

If beta = 0, does 1^{beta} equals 1 or 0?

In other words - will at least one bit will be set in the output? (if 1^{0} == 1 then the answer is supposed to be “yes”).

Thanks,
Liav

the exponent refers to the number of repetitions. so zero in the exponent means an empty string.